shiyanshilineigebeisuoyourenbizhibujidejiushaobei，
jushuocengjingshuyuyigejisuanphzhicuowuershenmixiaoshidexuezhang。wobuxinxie，
naqitazuolegejiandandesuanjiandidingshiyan。didingdezhongdian，
gongshi：“nisuancuophle……xiayige……jiushini……”---huaxueloudetongfengxitongdagaiyoutoulanle，
xiawusidiandea307shiyanshili，kongqichenmendexiangshininggudezhuyou，
hunzazhegezhongsuan、jianyijimouzhongruoyouruowu、fangfochennianxuejisidetiexiuwei。riguangdengguanyouyigenjiechubuliang，
zaigaogaodetianhuabanshangjianxiexingdishanshuo，bameigerenmangliudeyingzishierlazhang，shieranhuijiaoxia。
linwandeketikazaileyigeguanjiandeshujudianshang，taxuyaoyizujingquedephzhi。shiyantaiduimian，
neigerubaisedejiushaobeijiugulinglingdigezaishuicaobian，yuzhouweizengliangdeqimingegeburu。tataijiule，
beibishenzhiyouxiefanhuang，mengzheyicengxibudiaodemohu，xiangdelebaineizhangdeyanzhu。guanyutadeliuyan，
jihumeigetajina307derendoutingguoyierduo——jushuoshuyuhenduonianqianyigecaihuahengyidexuezhang，jiangchen。
tazaiyicizhiguanzhongyaodeshiyanzhong，fanleyigejiqidijidecuowu，suancuolemougeguanjianfanyingdephzhi，
daozhi……daozhitazhenggerenjiuneiyangxiaoshile，wushengwuxi，zhiliuxiazheigeshaobei。yourenshuo，
shijuliedebaozha；yeyourendishengdigu，shigengguiyi、wufajieshide“zhengfa”。congci，
zheishaobeijiuchenglebuxiangzhiwu，beisuoyourenmoqidiyiqizaijiaoluo，mengchen，shenggou。linwancongbuxinzheixie。
tashishujuyuluojidexintu，zhirenbinglengdegongshiheqingxidejielun。guishenzhishuo？
buguoshishibaizheweizijizhaodejiekou。“wei，linwan，bieyongneige！”pangbianchuanlaizhouyuyadideshengyin，
daizheyisibuyichajuedejinzhang。tashijiangchendekuangrechongbaizhe，huozheshuo，shineichang“yiwai”dekaojupi。
linwanmeihuitou，muguangsaoguozijimianqianneipingganggangpeizhihaodeqingyanghuanabiaozhunrongye，
biaoqianshangxiezhe“0.1mol/l”。tayoukanlekanzhuixingpinglineifendaicedeyansuanyangpin，nongduweizhi，
qingchedexiangzhengliushui。yigejiandanzhijideqiangsuanqiangjiandiding，nengchushenmeluanzi？taxuyaozheigeshuju，
erxianzainengyongdeshaobeidouzangzhe，chuleyanqianzheige。“yigeshaobeieryi。”tashengyinpingdan，
shenshoujiangtanaleguolai。chushoubingliang，bingfeijinshuhuobolideliang，ershiyizhonggengchen、gengnideyinleng，
fangfowozheyikuaizaianchumailetaijiudeshitou。tayongzheige“buxiang”deshaobei，
liangqule25.00haoshengdeyansuanyangpin，zhurulingyigeganjingdezhuixingping，diruliangdifentaizhishiji。
rongyeshiwusede。didingguanjiashang，qingyanghuanarongyebeizixizhuangru。linwanshenxiyikouqi，
paichudiaonaohailiguanyuliuyandezayin，kaishicaozuo。taxuankaihuosai，
rangjianyeyiyididiqingxikeshudesuduluorusuanzhong。zhuixingpingliderongyebeicilijiaobanqijiaodongzhe，
xingchengyigewenhedexuanwo。yiqiedouhenzhengchang。zhidaozhongdianlinjin。neimojidandefenhongsechuxianle，huangdongzhe，
fangfoxiuqiedeshaonvlianjia，zairongyezhongyishanershi。linwanlikeguanbihuosai。fenhongsezaibanmiaozhongneixiaoshi。
tazaicidiruyidi。zheiyici，fenhongsebiandewending，suiranjiqiqiandan，danqueshibuzaitunqu。zhongdiandaole。
taditoujilushuju：yansuantijivsuan=25.00ml，
qingyanghuananongducjian=0.1000mol/l，
xiaohaodeqingyanghuanatijivjian=20.00ml。danaozidongkaishijisuan。qiangsuanqiangjian，
dengtiji……bu，suanqu25haosheng，jianxiaohao20haosheng，nongdubingbuxiangtong。
(0.1000×20.00)/25.00=0.0800mol/l。
neimephzhini？ph=-lg[h⁺]=-lg(0.0800)。taxinsuanzhe。
=lg8.00+lg10⁻²≈0.9030-2=-1.0970。
suoyiph=-(-1.0970)=1.097。yigeqiangsuanrongyeyingyoudephzhi。
luojiyanmi，jisuanwuwu。jiuzaitafangxiabi，
zhunbeiqingxiyiqideneiyike——“weng——”yishengjiqiqingwei、quezhizuanermodezhenmingcongneigejiushaobeichuanlai。
linwanmengditaitou。rubaise（huozheshuo，shizanghuangse）deshaobeineibi，haowuzhengzhaodi，kaishishenchuyanse。
bushiyanliao，gengxiangshixueyecongganzaodehaimianlibeijichu，xianshidanfen，xunsujiashenweicimudexinghong。
zheixiexuesewanyanliudong，bushisuiyidetuya，ershijingzhundi、lengkudi，goulechuyigegefuhao，
yixingxingsuanshi。tamenzaitayanqianzuhe，pailie，
000×20.00/25.00=0.0800mol/lzhengshitagangcaidejisuanguocheng。
jinjiezhe，xiamianyixingxuezifuxian，bichugengjialingli，
fangfodaizhechaonong：ph=-lg(0.0800)≈1.097linwandehuxizhourantingzhi。
xinzangxiangbeiyizhibinglengdeshouzuanzhu。zheibukeneng！danxuesedebijimeiyoujieshu。
zaitaneige“zhengque”dedaanxiamian，yidaoxinde、gengfuzadesuanshi，
zhengyiyizhongburongzhiyidesudumanyankailai，
”houmiangenzhedeshiwanquanbutongdetuidao：k_a=10^{-4.76}（yigemoshengdesuanchangshu？
=√ka×c=√(10^-4.76)×0.0800......shuzifengkuangdiyanshen，
tiaodongzhelingrenxinjidehongguang。zuihoudejieguo，zhixiangyigejieranbutongde、genggaodephzhi。tasuancuole！
bushitayiweideqiangsuan！zheiyansuanyangpinyouwenti？haishi……genbenjiubushiyansuan？
judadekongjushunjianjuezhuleta，sizhibaihaiyipianbingliang。tamengdixianghoutui，xiangtaoli，
shentiquejiangyingdebutingshihuan。shaobeineibishang，suoyouxuesegongshimengdiniuqu、ronghe，
zuizhongningjuchengyixinggengda、gengzhengningdezi，xiangyishenglaizidiyushenchudezuzhou，
henhendizajintadetongkong：“nisuancuophle……”xueseduanzandidingge，ranhouxiangyongyoushengmingyiban，
zhongxinliudong，huijuchengzuihoulianggechumujingxindezi：“xiayige……”tingdun。shiyanshilisijiyipian，
zhiyouneigenhuaidiaodedengguanhaizaiguzhidishanshuozhe，mingmiezhijian，
yingzhaozheshaobeineibishangneiyufanongyu、jihuyaodiluodexinghong。zuihoulianggezi，
zhongyuchedixianxian：“jiushini……”zijirutongyoushengmingdexueguanbanweiweibodongleyixia，suiji，
suoyouxueseshunjianxiaoshidewuyingwuzong，fangfocongweichuxianguo。shaobeihuifuletaneizangjiu、chenmodemoyang，
jingjingdilizaishiyantaishang。linwanjiangzaiyuandi，hunshenxueyedaoliu。yuanchu，sihuchuanlaizhouyuruoyouruowudetanxi，
piaohudexiangyizhenyinfeng：“doushuole……biepengjiangshixiongdeshaobei……”neigenshanshuodedengguan，padiyisheng，
zhongyuchediximie。dengguanximiedeshunjian，heianxiangbinglengdemozhipomanleshiyanshi。linwandehuxizhizaixiongkou，
erbianzhiyouzijileigubandexintiao。
neixingxuezi——“xiayige……jiushini……”——rutongluotietangzaitadeshiwangmoshang，
jishibishangyanyeqingxikejian。jimiaohou，yingjidengcanbaideguangliangqi，goulechuwutiniuqudeyingzi。shiyantaishang，
neigeshaobeijingjingdilizhe，rubaisedebeibizaiyouguangxiafanzhesiyudupibandeguangze。
fangfogangcaineichumujingxindeyiqie，douzhishitajingshenjinzhangchanshengdehuanjue。danlinwanzhidaobushi。
zhouyubuzhiheshilikaile，shiyanshilizhishengxiatayigeren。kongqilidetiexiuweisihugengnongle。
taqiangpozijiyidongjiangyingdeshuangtui，zoudaoshuicaobian，ningkaishuilongtou。bingliangdeshuiliuhuahuazuoxiang，
tashenshouqunaneigeshaobei，zhixiangjinkuaibatachongxiganjing，fanghuineigebeiyiwangdejiaoluo，dangzuoyiqiecongweifasheng。
jiuzaitadezhijianjijiangchupengdaobeibidechanei——“chi……”yishengjiqingwei、rutongshaohongtiekuaicuishuideshengyin。
tamengdisuohuishou。zhijianshaobeineibi，gangcaifuxianguoxuezidedifang，pingkongmaoqiyilvjihukanbujiandebaiyan，
daizheyigunanyixingrongde、hunhezhesuanshihe……mouzhongyoujiwujiaohudeqiwei。huanjue？
shenjingjinzhangdaozhidechujuecuojue？tabuganzaipengneigeshaobeile。tabataliantonglimianderongyecanzhayiqi，
nuodaoshiyanshijiaoluode“daiqingxiqimin”kuangli，fangfoneishishenmeweixiandechuanranyuan。ranhou，
tajihushitaoyesideqinglilezijideshiyantai，shujubendouwanglena，liangqiangzhechongchulea307shiyanshi。
---huidaoqinshi，linwanyonglengshuihenhenchonglebalian，shitulengjingxialai。yidingshitaileile，dui，yidingshi。
neigeliuyanjitazaochenglexinlianshi，jiashangshiyanshiguangxianbuhao，caichanshengleneixiekepadehuanshihehuanting。
phjisuanzenmekenengchucuo？tadebuzhouqingxi，gongshiyanjin。tazuodaoshuzhuoqian，tankaishiyanjiluben，