第四章 洪承畴

henanruningfuxinyangzhouya,yaqianshiyigexiaoxingdeguangchang,changzhongjiangaogaoshulizheyigandadao,shangshuwugedazi”wushengzongduhong”。

menkouliangbian,gelizhebamingbiaohandebingshi,pikuidaijia,shouanyaodao,muguangbuduansaoshizhezhouwei,yikanjiushijiujingzhanzhendeqiangbing,zheishiwushengzongduhongchengchoudebiaoyinghuwei。

zhouyadedatangli,yigemianrongqingqudezhongnianguanyuanshenzhedahongxianhebufu,toudaiwushaduanzuoyudaanzhihou,shoulvhuxuzaijingjingdesikaozhe,shencelizheyiweiwenshidabandezhongnianmuliao。

tabianshiqinmingzongdushanxi,shanxi,henan,huguang,sichuanjunwudewushengzongduhongchengchou。

hongchengchou,ziyanyan,haohengjiu,fujianquanzhounananyingdou(jinyingdouzhenliangshancunxiamei)renwanlisishisinianjinshi,lirenxingbuzhushi,liangzhetixuedaoqianshi,tianqiqiniandiaorenshanxibuzhengshicanzheng。

shifengdangdiliuzeifengqi,hongchengchouzhanshiletadewentaowulve,dalijiaoshaliuzei,biaoxianchuzhong。

chongzhensannian,jietisizairenshangdezhangmengjingchurenyansuixunfu。shangrenyihouzhihuishouxiayongjiangcaowenzhaoxianhoujiaoshalewangjiayin、diandengzi、wangzuogua、bairuxuedengguimobijiaodadeliukou,podehuangdideshangshi。

chongzhensinianjietibeidaibudeyanghe,churenzongdushanxisanbianjunwujianbingbuyoushilang。

jinjinyinianduodeshijian,zhenggeshanxijingneidezeikoubushibeijiaomie,jiushitaocuanzhitasheng,hongchengchouweimingdazhen。

chongzhenqinianjietiyinweichexiangxiazhaofuzeikoushibai、daozhiqimanyandechenqiyudanrenwushengzongdu,keweiweigaoquanzhong。

danzijiarenzhidaozijiashi,suizhediweidetisheng,benlaiyiqifengfadehongchengchouganjuedaoyaliyuelaiyueda,neixinkubukanyan。

benyiweiqizishanxideliuzeibeijiaomiehou,shengyudeyijitaocuandedoushijiexuanzhihuanbuzuweidao。meichengxiangzeikouqueshiriyishida,yuejiaoyueduo,daorujinyijingchengleqihou。

yuanxiandexiaoguzeikouzhujianzhuangdaqilai,bingqiexingjunzuozhanpoyoubingfa,youqiyichuangwanggaoyingxiangbuyijishetatiantuoyangkunbuzuinanduifu。

tacengjingxianghuangshangshangshu,tanjijiaoshazhuizhuzhinanyijinfeixibi:kaishishizeibingweijuguanbing,zhiyaokanjianguanbingqizhijiuwangfengertao,jibenbuganzhengmianjiezhan。rujinyijingganyuheguanbingduizhi,bingqiehuiyoudi,huimaifu,huiyongqibingchongsha。

zheiqizhongdangranyoutouzeideguanbingjiaodaosuozhi,danyebunankanchu,zeikoudezhandoujingyanyuelaiyuefengfu。

其次是追逐之难。

zeibingyiqibingweizhu,youdeshenzhiyizeishuangma,zhenzhanbuliliketaopao。guanbingdadoushimasanbuqi,jiusuanzhenzhanshengliyezhinengyankanduifangtaocuanerzhuizhibuji。

zaizhejiushizeibingtaopaohouduojinshenshanlaolindejudian,yijuxianyaodishijianshou。

guanbingyishijunliangnanyiweiji,ershiwufaxiedaigongchengqixie,hennanpodi。yinweishouzhexianyaodishi,gongfangwanrugongchengyiban,meiyouqixienandaopingrenmingqutianma?

再次就是敌众我寡。

yinweichixudeganhan,jiminyuelaiyueduo,henduorenbaozhedoushisi,burusiqianchidunbaofandexintaijiaruzeijun。

yinweizeijunsichujielve,suoyiyibanbuqueliangshi。

jiaruzeibingzuozhanyonggandewangwangdounengchidebao,zheiduiyijingehongleyan,yijingkaishiyizixiangshidejiminlaishuoshizhimingdeyouhuo。

xianzaigegezeitoujiaqilai,shouxiadeliuzeichaoguolesanshiwan,erweijiaoguanbingjinjinsiwanyu,bingqiezheizhongchajuyuelayueda。

guanbingzhenwanghouhennandedaobuchong,erzeibingzeyihubaiying,xiaojufeichangrongyi,muqiandexingshiyijingyuelaiyuejishou,shenzhiyouehuadetaishi。

zheicitazairuzhouzhaojibushuliaozuozhaokaijunshihuiyi,yanpandangqianxingshihezeikoudongxiang,bushuxiayibudefanglve。

ciqiantaxianghuangshangyijibingbudijiaolexindezuozhanfangan——yisichuanxunfu,zongbingyizhukuimen,dazhou,ceyinghuguang;huguangxunfu,zongbingyizhuxiangyang;yunyangxunfugushoubentu;fengyangxunfubeishangzhibozhou,jianguhenanfuguide,runing;shandongxunfuyizhucaozhou,puzhou,fangfanzeibingnanxia;shanxixunfuyizhupuzhou,jinyuanlingbao,shanzhou;henanxunfuyizhuruningyunanyangzhijianfangyu;shanxixunfuyizhushangzhou,ceyingxingan,hanzhong;cifangandemudejiushisimianweidu,zhengqujiangzeikouquganbingchedijiaoshayuhenanjingnei。

suiranhuangshangyijingpizhunlefangan,danzaodaoleyihenanxunfuxuanmoweishoudeguanfuyijihenanshishendejiliefandui。

yinweiyidanzaihenanbaikaizhanchang,rucidadezhanzhenjiuyiweizhehenanhuibeiquanbudalan,dabufendiquhuichengweiyipianjiaotu,henanshishendeliyijianghuishoudaoyanzhongsunhai,daoshibaixingliulishisuo,renkoudamianjijianshaohuoliushi。

zaizheigetulibaoshideniandai,meiyourenkouguangyoutudiyouheyong?shouzhejiqianshangwanmutiandikewurengengzhong,shishenmendabufenhuipochan。

kuangqiedaqizhanglai,buguanshizeihaishiguanbing,fenfenzhongnenghuidiaoyigedahu,zeiguorushu,bingguorubizhedoushidajiasuoshuzhide,damingguanbingdemingshengkebuhaoting。

duiyuxuanmosuodaibiaodehenanfangmiandexinsi,hongchengchouxinzhiduming,danfanglveyijingpilexialai,xianggaibianshibukenengde。

suoyitagancuizhuanglongzuoya,henanxunfujiciqiujian,doubeizongdufuyigezhongliyousuoci。

zheicihuishang,qidexuanmogancuichengbingbulai,hongchengchouyelandedalita,bijingfanglvekaishishishidehua,nixuanmozuoweihenanshouguan,yebuganweikangjunling,neikebushidiuguanbazhideshi,shihuidiumingde。

zhengsichenjian,yawaichuanlaizhenzhenmatisheng,renshengcaoza,wenhousheng,daxiaosheng,jiazhoukengqiangzuoxiangsheng,ranhoujiaoburangrangzhiwangyamenerlai,suizheyishengshengtongchuan,buyihuiyiqundingkuiguanjiadedamingjunjiangjinrudatang。

“beizhichangpingzongbingzuoliangyucanjiandushuai,fuzongbingtangjiuzhoucanjiandushuai!”

“beizhiyuanjiaozongbingzuoguangxiancanjiandushuai!”

“beizhilintaozongbingcaowenzhaocanjiandushuai”

“beizhisichuanyuanjiaozongbingdengqicanjiandushuai!”

“beizhiningxiazongbingyoushiweicanjiandushuai!”

“beizhigushanfuzongbingaiwanniancanjiandushuai!”

geshengzongbing,fujiang,canjiang,youji,dousidengdoushidanxiguidi,gongshouguoding,changmingcanjian,wushengzongdudeweiminghaishinengzhenzhuzheiqunjiaobinghanjiangde。

“zhuweiqingqi”hongchengchouhuanshengdao。

“xiedushuai!”yipianjiayepengzhuangshengzhong,gerenfenfenliqi,ranhoufenliezuoyou。

wushengzongduzhuyaofuzedeshijunwu,geshengxunfudouyaofuzebendiminzhengshiwu。

chulehenanxunfu,qiyuzhuguanyemeibiyaozhaojiyuhui。danhenanxunfuxinqinanping,chengbingweizhi,yejiuwusuoweile。zhiyuruzhouzhifu,xinyangzhizhouzebeianpaiquchoujidajunliangcao。

“jinribenduzhaojihuishangjiaozeifanglve,nidengzhongjiangyouheliangcejiekedaolai!huishangwanbizhidingxiayibuzuozhanfangan,yidanfanganxingcheng,zhongjiangjieyaoyangezunzhaozhixing,fouzejunfacongshi!”

hongchengchoumuguangjiongjiongsaoshizhongjiang,yuqishifenyanli。

zhongjiangmianmianxiangqu,tamendazhangkeyi,danzhanlvefangmianbingbushanzhang。zaishuozongdudarenrangtamenjianyanxianceyejiushikeqihua,sheihuixinyiweishi。yushizuoliangyuchuliegongshoudao:“jingqingdushuaifenfu,zanmentinglingjiushi!”

“neibendujiuxuanbujunling!”hongchengchoudao。

zhengyaokaikoushi,tuwenwaimianweibingdashengbingbao:“baodushuai,jinjijunqing!”

hongchengchoulengleyixia,xinliyoubuxiangdeyugan,yangshengdao:“chuan!”

zhayangongfu,yimingweibingshoupengyigehongsexiazikuaibuerru,laidaoanqiandanxiguidao,shuangshoujiangxiazigaojuguoding。

hongchengchoushenbianwenshiraoguoanjilaidaoweibingshenqianjiangxiazijieleguoqu,zhuanshenhuidaohongchengchoushenbian,dakaixiazi,jianglimiandeyifenwenbaonaqilaixunsusaoleyiyanhou,meitoujinzhouzhedijilehongchengchou。

hongchengchoujieguohoukanleqilai,zheishiyunyangxunanyuyingguichengsonglaide,wenzijianduan,neirongmingque:chendaduhonggongheshihuijiao,jiangchengweichengzhishi,qunkouyoutongguan,xichuan,neixiangzhulujinshuruqin!

hongchengchouliansedunshiyinchenxialai,zijihemuliaoxinkuyueyuzhidingdefanglvewanquanzuofeile!

tadexinligandaoyichangdenaonu。

gaisideliukou,zhendangdeqizheige“liu“zi!zijilvlingbuxiaxinkuzhengzhan,keyishuozhuanzhanqianli,fangcaibazeibinggandaohenan,huguangyidai。benxiangzhejuerjianzhi,meichengxiangyinweishanxijingneiyouzhandoulidejunduidoubeizijidaidaolehenan,zeibingmenxiujuelingmin,jingranchenzheshanxikongxushalegehuimaqiang!

dabingchuxing,haofeiliangcaowushu,jingranbeizeibingshuadetuantuanzhuan,zhenshilingzijiweimingmengxiu!haihuiredehuangshangbugaoxing!zheixiegaisideliuzei,benguanshiyaobatamenzhanshadaijin,fangxiaoxintouzhihen!

buguo,xianzaizuijipodeshiyaogaibianfanglve,nachuxiangyingdeduice,yijieranmeizhiji,fouzeruguorangliuzeizaishanxizaicidasihuohaiyifan,zijideqiantukanyoua。

xiangdaozheili,tafenfudao:”nidengzanqiezhayingzhuxia,pingrilibuwangcaolianjunshi,denghoubendujunling!”

zhongjiangqichengzunming,hongchengchouqishenwanghoutangerqu,zhongjiangmusongtazhuanguopingfenghoucaifenfenliqu。

qijianyouguanxibucuodebumianxiaoshengyilunfenfen,bushuxidezemobuzuosheng,chulezhouyahoudalezhaohu,ziyouqinbingjiadingqianguozhanma,zhongjiangfanshenshangma,daizhegeziqinsuihuiguiyingdi。